污泥性質解析及分質處理方案
李歡，劉躍嶺
（深圳市污泥及廚余協同處置與資源化技術工程實驗室，清華大學深圳研究生院，深圳 518055，中國）
摘要：要解決污泥處理難題，需要充分認識污泥特性、合理規劃處理流程。首先解析了污泥貧資源、低熱值和絮體結構等特點，在此基礎上分析了目前污泥處理處置順向設計的缺點，提出應從污泥最終出路出發進行全流程逆向設計，并以此為指導歸納了污泥處理處置的幾種主要途徑。最后，根據污泥不同組分在不同處理環節存在互相干擾的情況，提出了依次進行有機質轉化、水分分離和無機質處置的分質處理思路，分析了以強化厭氧消化為核心的工藝路線潛力和發展方向。
關鍵詞：污泥；逆向設計；分質處理；厭氧消化
中圖分類號：X705 文獻標志碼：A 文章編號：
Sludge characterization and its fractionated treatment system
LI Huan, FENG Kai, LIU Sai
(Shenzhen Engineering Research Laboratory for Sludge and Food Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China)
Abstract: To solve the problem of sludge treatment and disposal, it is necessary to fully understand sludge characteristics and plan treatment processes reasonably. The analyses indicated that sludge has the characteristics of poor resources, low calorific value and floc structure. Based on these characteristics, the shortcomings of current forward design of sludge treatment and disposal were further analyzed. Instead, the backward design of the whole processes should be carried out from the final solutions of sludge. Following the guide, several main routes of sludge treatment and disposal were summarized. In these routes, there is mutual interference between different components of sludge in different processing sectors. Hence, the idea of fractionated treatment systems were put forward to avoid the interference and increase the efficiency of sludge treatment. In these systems, organic matter conversion, water separation and inorganic disposal or utilization were carried out in turn. The system composed of advanced anaerobic digestion with pretreatment, deep dewatering, and landfill or utilization could be a case in point, and its potential and direction of development were discussed.
Keywords: Sludge; Backward design; Fractionation treatment Digestion;
